Introduction to experiments in optical lattices part i. Einstein condensate in one dimensional optical lattice is considered both. Typically, ultracold neutral atoms are stored in magnetic traps, in which only a small subset of the available atomic spin states the socalled weak fieldseeking. The first model describes a mixture of two species of bosonic atoms of equal masses in optical lattices and the second describes a mixture of heavy bosonic atoms and light fermionic atoms in optical lattices. Mott hubbard transition of cold atoms in optical lattices. For both models, we assume the trap is present and use parameters typical in experiment. High stability laser source for cold atoms applications. In particular, it explores how transport through the energy bands of the optical lattice can be used to study quantum chaos and boseeinstein condensation. Superresolution microscopy of cold atoms in an optical lattice. Quantum simulation, a subdiscipline of quantum computation, can provide valuable insight into difficult quantum problems in physics or chemistry. Controlling spin exchange interactions of ultracold atoms.
Ultracold atoms on optical lattices welcome to the ideals repository. Ultracold quantum gases in optical lattices nature physics. In the settings described above, artificial gauge fields are treated as classical and nondynamical. After achieving boseeinstein condensation in a magnetic chip trap, we load atoms directly into a vertically oriented 1d. For these two classes of optical potential, the bloch oscillations were found to be qualitatively the same in the case of a weak static. These crystals made of light can be used to trap atoms at very low temperatures, creating a workshop. Pdf at nanokelvin temperatures, ultracold quantum gases can be stored in optical lattices, which are arrays of microscopic trapping potentials formed.
This thesis covers most of my work in the field of ultracold atoms loaded in optical lattices. Infinite density for cold atoms in shallow optical lattices. Damped bloch oscillations of cold atoms in optical lattices. Atoms in an optical lattice provide an ideal quantum system where all. Cold atoms in driven optical lattices by muhammad ayub submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy at department of electronics quaidiazam university islamabad, pakistan march 2012.
Conductivity with cold atoms in optical lattices article pdf available in journal of statistical mechanics theory and experiment 20092 february 2009 with 25 reads how we measure reads. A dissipative optical lattice is achieved when a light field provides both velocity damping and spatial periodicity of the atomic density. Cold atoms in dissipative optical lattices sciencedirect. The retroreflection optics necessary for forming the lattice are bonded directly to the atom chip, enabling a compact and robust onchip optical lattice system. They allow quantum state engineering of complex many body states and a study of their associated quantum phase transitions, including dynamics. Two models are discussed here to illustrate the quantum manybody phenomena in mixtures of ultracold atoms in optical lattices. After a general introduction to the phenomenon of bo and its realization in optical lattices, we study dif. Such simulators should have means to control the parameters of the experiment, to manipulate the atomic states and to read out the outcomes. After a general introduction to the phenomenon of bo and its realization in optical lattices, we study different extentions of this problem, which account for recent developments in this field. Here we propose a realistic model for realizing dirac and weyl rings in the singleparticle band dispersion of a coldatom optical lattice. Bloch oscillations of cold atoms in optical lattices. Motivation cooling optical lattice applications overview 1 motivation 2 cooling laser cooling doppler cooling evaporative cooling 3 optical lattice 4 applications super uid to mott insulator transition sandeep pathakindian institute of science, bangalore ultracold atoms in optical lattices.
They are also useful for sorting microscopic particles, and may be useful for assembling cell arrays. Manybody landauzener transition in coldatom doublewell. Cold atoms in the honeycomb optical lattice congjun wu1 and s. We study the continuous zero temperature quantum phase transition from the superfluid to the mott insulator phase induced by varying the depth of the optical potential, where the mott insulator phase corresponds to. In those experiments, light has two effects, firstly to attract the atoms around points located on a periodic lattice having a spatial period on the order of the optical. Marko znidari c may 25, 2010 abstract in the seminar, physical principles underlying behavior of atoms in optical lattices are presented. We introduce the geometric properties of optical lattices using a classical model for the atoms. An optical lattice, produced by interfering two or more laser beams in free space, traps atoms into arrays of individual. Controlling spin exchange interactions of ultracold atoms in optical lattices l. Ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices have emerged as an ideal experimental platform for studying condensedmatter physics in a clean and. Osa onchip optical lattice for cold atom experiments. The spatial resolution in these experiments is constrained by the imaging wavelength to typically 0. Bloch oscillations of cold atoms in twodimensional. Optical lattices contents introduction les houches predoc school on.
Osa light reflection and transmission in planar lattices. Firstly, this study examines the dynamics of ultracold sodium atoms in a onedimensional optical lattice and a threedimensional harmonic trap, using both semi. In this project, we use cold 87 rb atoms trapped in dynamic optical lattices to study manybody physics and to explore experimental quantum control of atom states. Cold atoms in optical lattices groups groups porto. Quantum simulations with ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Bloch oscillations of cold atoms in optical lattices arxiv. Pdf quantum manybody phenomena in ultracold atoms in. Lukin2 1institute for quantum information, california institute of technology, mc 10781, pasadena, california 91125, usa 2physics department, harvard university, cambridge, massachusetts 028, usa received 25 october 2002. Einstein condensation in a magnetic chip trap, we load atoms directly into a vertically oriented 1d. Here we present a theoretical scheme that enables efficient computation of collective optical responses of mono and bilayer planar square lattices of dense, cold twolevel atoms using classical electrodynamics of coupled dipoles in the limit of low laser intensity. The quantized motion of such atoms is described by the vibrational motion within an individual well and the tunnel.
Two models are discussed here to illustrate the quantum manybody phenomena in mixtures of ultra cold atoms in optical lattices. Quantum simulation of gauge potentials with cold atoms in. Cold bosonic atoms in optical lattices university of oxford. Light reflection and transmission in planar lattices of cold. Atoms in an optical lattice provide an ideal quantum system where all parameters can be controlled. Ponomarev kirensky institute of physics, 660036 krasnoyarsk, russia h. Some features of this site may not work without it. It makes a route through the physics of cold atoms in periodic potentials starting from the simple.
The dynamics of an ultracold dilute gas of bosonic atoms in an optical lattice can be described by a bose hubbard model where the system parameters are. Lk optical lattices arrays of microscopic potentials induced by the ac stark e ect of interfering laser beamscan be used to con ne cold atoms 17. We propose a scheme involving cold atoms trapped in optical lattices to observe different phenomena traditionally linked to quantum optical systems. Ultracold bosonic and fermionic quantum gases are versatile and robust systems for probing fundamental condensedmatter physics problems 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12, as. Optical lattices, first developed together with laser cooling, are now a common and im. The basic idea consists of connecting the trapped atomic state to a nontrapped state through a raman.
Pdf cold atoms in optical lattices as qubits for a quantum computer. Typically, ultracold neutral atoms are stored in magnetic traps, in which only a small subset of the available atomic spin states the socalled weak field seeking. Thus it is the quenching of the kinetic energy for motion in the lowest band which drives cold atoms into the strong coupling regime, eventhough na s maystillbemuchsmallerthanone. Here we propose a realistic model for realizing dirac and weyl rings in the singleparticle band dispersion of a cold atom optical lattice. Optically trapped, ultra cold atoms provide a natural platform for quantum simulation and quantum computing. Quantum simulation with cold atoms in optical lattices. Controlling spin exchange interactions of ultracold atoms in. Cold atoms in driven optical lattices by muhammad ayub submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy at. Manybody landauzener transition in coldatom doublewell optical lattices yinyin qian, ming gong, and chuanwei zhang department of physics, the university of texas at dallas, richardson, texas 75080, usa and department of physics and astronomy, washington. This work is devoted to bloch oscillations bo of cold neutral atoms in optical lattices.
Transport of cold atoms in optical lattices springerlink. Pdf simulating quantumoptical phenomena with cold atoms. By using ultracold atoms in a mott insulating phase of an optical lattice we have been able to initialize. There exists both a good understanding of the microscopic dynamics. Within this setting, quantum gas microscopes enable single atom observation and manipulation in large samples. Cold atoms in optical lattices part 1 lecture 7 anthony. We discuss the sisyphus cooling mechanism and its extension to different optical lattices, and we present the main theoretical approaches used to describe the atomic dynamics in optical lattices. Optical lattice is formed by the interference of counterpropagating laser beams, which creates e ective potential that traps ultracold atoms. The first model describes a mixture of two species of bosonic atoms of equal masses in optical lattices and the second. Optical lattices have rapidly become a favoured tool of atomic and condensedmatter physicists. Optical microscopy of ultracold gases has been pushed to its limit to detect atoms in optical lattices with submicron spacings 1117.
Pdf quantum coherence and entanglement with ultracold atoms. An atomchipbased integrated optical lattice system for cold and ultracold atom applications is presented. Systems of cold atoms in optical lattices have a great deal of potential as tools in the study of strongly correlated condensed matter systems and in the implementation of quantum information processing. The dynamics of an ultracold dilute gas of bosonic atoms in an optical lattice can be described by a bosehubbard model where the system parameters are controlled by laser light. Manipulation and simulation of cold atoms in optical lattices. This thesis describes the behaviour of cold atoms in optical lattices. Diffraction of an atomic sodium beam by a stationary standing wave.
However, whether dirac and weyl rings can exist in the singleparticle spectrum of cold atoms remains elusive. In the thesis, the center of mass dynamics of cold atoms and the bose. Pdf simulating quantumoptical phenomena with cold atoms in. Bloch oscillations of cold atoms in twodimensional optical lattices are studied. Pdf an overview is presented of qubit arrays in the form of cold neutral atoms trapped in an optical lattice. They officially came to the world in 19911992, when two groups observed signals originating from atoms spatially ordered in a standing wave. Nov 05, 2012 sir anthony leggetts first lecture on cold atoms in optical lattices, during his 2012 summer lecture series at the institute for quantum computing, university of waterloo.
Creation of effective magnetic fields in optical lattices. Cold atoms in optical lattices provide a novel class of many body systems with widely tunable interactions. It is worth realizing that the semiclassical description 1 is the more accurate the faster the atoms are, i. Quantum transport of bosonic cold atoms in doublewell.
Thanks to all these attributes ultra cold atoms loaded in optical lattice have become a perfect arena for the investigation of nonlinear phenomena, quantum phase transitions and nonequilibrium dynamics. Cold neutral atoms in optical lattices by rui zhang a dissertation submitted in partial ful. Pdf cold collisions between atoms in optical lattices. Optical lattices consist of arrays of atoms bound by light. Manybody landauzener transition in cold atom doublewell optical lattices yinyin qian, ming gong, and chuanwei zhang department of physics, the university of texas at dallas, richardson, texas 75080, usa and department of physics and astronomy, washington state university, pullman, washington 99164, usa. Quantum simulation with cold atoms in optical lattices by yanghao chan a dissertation submitted in partial ful llment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy physics in the university of michigan 20 doctoral committee. We propose a scheme involving cold atoms trapped in optical lattices to observe different phenomena traditionally linked to quantumoptical systems. Damped bloch oscillations of cold atoms in optical lattices a. Coupling ultracold matter to dynamical gauge fields in. Cold atoms in optical lattices are described in \\it real space by multiorbital meanfield ans\\atze. Lk optical latticesarrays of microscopic potentials induced by the ac stark e ect of interfering laser beamscan be used to con ne cold atoms 17.
The hubbard model for atoms optical dipole potential cold bosonic atoms in a tightbinding periodic potential the second quantized hamiltonian single atom in a lattice bloch band of a homogeneous lattice tilted lattice. The work discusses transport of cold atoms in optical lattices. Lk optical lattices arrays of microscopic potentials in duced by the ac stark e ect of interfering laser beamscan be used to con ne cold atoms 17. The cases of separable and nonseparable potentials are compared by simulating the wavepacket dynamics. Pdf dirac and weyl rings in threedimensional coldatom.
Thanks to all these attributes ultracold atoms loaded in optical lattice have become a perfect arena for the investigation of nonlinear phenomena, quantum phase transitions and nonequilibrium dynamics. Alternatively, one may argue that kin becomes small because atoms in a deep optical. Cold atoms and optical lattices 2d quantum metamaterials. We investigate a new type of quantum ratchet which may be realised by cold atoms in a doublewell optical lattice which is pulsed with unequal periods. Besides trapping cold atoms, optical lattices have been widely used in creating gratings and photonic crystals. We also note that the validity of the semiclassical equation has been. Quantum gate arrays with neutral atoms in optical lattices. System upgrade on feb 12th during this period, ecommerce and registration of new users may not be available for up to 12 hours. Lukin2 1institute for quantum information, california institute of technology, mc 10781, pasadena, california 91125, usa.
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